Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis)

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, formerly juvenile RA) is chronic childhood arthritis (onset <16 yr): oligoarticular (≤4 joints), polyarticular (RF+/-), systemic (Still disease: fever/rash/lymphadenopathy). Treatment: NSAIDs (ibuprofen/naproxen); methotrexate (first-line DMARD); biologic DMARDs (etanercept/adlimumab/tocilizumab/abatacept); intra-articular corticosteroids (triamcinolone); sulfasalazine; glucocorticoids for systemic; physical/occupational therapy; eye exam every 6 months for uveitis (oligoarticular ANA+); monitor growth/development; school support; follow-up pediatric rheumatology/ophthalmology; long-term transition care.

Common Symptoms

Chronic childhood arthritis; morning stiffness; oligo/poly/systemic; fever/rash (systemic)

Causes and Pathogenesis

Autoimmune/autoinflammatory synovitis (genetic + environmental) causes JIA subtypes.

Treatment

NSAIDs; methotrexate; biologic DMARDs; intra-articular steroids; PT/OT; eye screening

Preventive Measures

Early diagnosis; regular eye exams; PT/OT; growth monitoring.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Pediatric-rheumatology/Ophthalmology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.