医
China Med Service
Best doctors, yours
Breaking down language, channel and process barriers in cross-border care — making the best doctors your personal doctors.
300 Grade-A partner hospitals · 3,000+ leading experts · one-stop service across all specialties
Pediatric BP: SBP = age x 2 + 80 mmHg; DBP = 2/3 SBP. Hypertension if >age-peer 20 mmHg; preschool >110/70; school >120/80. Primary rare; secondary 80% (renal 79%, then cardiovascular/endocrine/neuro).
小儿内科Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) is endocardial elastic/collagen fiber proliferation; enlarged heart; thickened endocardium; impaired systolic/diastolic function. <1 year. Primary (no valve/CHD) vs secondary (left-sided obstructive CHD). CHF; untreated de
儿科综合Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, 1967) is systemic vasculitis mainly coronary artery; Asians highest; infants. Beijing <5: 49.4/100,000 (2000-2004). Self-limited; recurrence 1-2%.
小儿内科Neonatal apnea: airflow stop ≥20s with/without bradycardia, or <15s with bradycardia. Premature: 10-15s periodic breathing is normal. Types: central/obstructive/mixed.
儿科综合Pediatric pneumonia is common; winter/spring; recurrent if untreated. Fever/cough/wheeze. Immune immaturity; temperature change triggers infection.
小儿内科Bronchial asthma is reversible obstructive airway disease with recurrent cough/wheeze/dyspnea and airway hyperresponsiveness. Common chronic pediatric respiratory disease; affects growth. Untreated → adult asthma.
小儿内科Acute upper respiratory infection (URI) is the most common pediatric illness; involves nose/nasopharynx/pharynx. Viral (rhinovirus/RSV/influenza/parainfluenza/adenovirus/Coxsackie/ECHO); secondary bacterial (Strep/pneumococcus/H. flu). Complications: otit
小儿内科Mycoplasma pneumoniae (primary atypical pneumonia, cold agglutinin-positive) is between bacteria/virus; has DNA/RNA, no cell wall. 10-40% pediatric CAP; hematogenous spread. Antigen mimicry → autoantibodies → multi-system injury. Paroxysmal cough (pertuss
小儿内科Neonatal asphyxia is perinatal hypoxia causing intrapartum fetal distress or birth respiratory/circulatory failure; no spontaneous breathing by 1 min; hypoxemia/hypercapnia/acidosis. Major cause of neonatal disability/death.
小儿内科Acute laryngitis in infants 6m-3y; narrow larynx/soft cartilage/loose submucosa/rich lymphatics → laryngeal obstruction after inflammation; weak cough worsens. Severe/life-threatening.
小儿内科Influenza is acute highly contagious respiratory infection from influenza virus; droplet/contact. Sudden high fever/headache/myalgia/fatigue/mild URI. Types: simple/pneumonic/toxic/gastrointestinal. Self-limited 5-10 days; severe in infants/elderly.
小儿内科Acute bronchitis is bronchial mucosal inflammation secondary to URI or acute infectious disease. Trachea involved (acute tracheobronchitis). Infants; worse. Viral/bacterial/Mycoplasma. Dry cough then productive.
小儿内科Pediatric staph aureus pneumonia from S. aureus; infants/neonates; via airway or hematogenous. Toxins/enzymes (exotoxin/leukocidin/enterotoxin/epidermolysin/coagulase/hyaluronidase/DNase). Subpleural, hemorrhagic necrosis/abscesses; pneumatocele; empyema/
小儿内科Pediatric TB (birth to 14) is from Mycobacterium tuberculosis; pulmonary most common. Primary infection prone to hematogenous spread and TB meningitis; early treatment reduces mortality.
儿科综合Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is perinatal brain injury from hypoxia/ischemia; consciousness/tone changes. Mild/moderate: irritability/lethargy; severe: coma/flaccidity/seizures. Sequelae: cerebral palsy/seizures/learning disability.
儿科综合Massive amniotic fluid aspiration (amniotic fluid aspiration syndrome) is fetal aspiration of amniotic fluid in utero/delivery; usually clean fluid; transient dyspnea/cyanosis; mild, good prognosis. Inflammatory reaction = aspiration pneumonia.
小儿内科Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH, previously histiocytosis X) is a group of idiopathic histiocytic proliferations. Three types: Letterer-Siwe, Hand-Schüller-Christian, eosinophilic granuloma of bone. Related to immune dysregulation.
儿科综合Acute infantile reticuloendotheliosis. Oncologic care is used.
SIDS is sudden unexpected infant death, during sleep. Prevention and autopsy are used.
儿科综合Congenital gastric muscular defect is deficiency of gastric wall muscle causing neonatal perforation, a surgical emergency. Immediate surgery and resuscitation are needed.
小儿内科
|
