Xanthoma

Xanthomas are yellowish cholesterol-rich lipid deposits in skin, tendons, or mucous membranes, often signaling underlying hyperlipidemia. Types: tendon xanthomas (xanthoma tendinosum, on extensor tendons), eruptive (small yellow papules on buttocks/extremities in hypertriglyceridemia), plane (yellow patches on eyelids/neck), tuberous. They warrant lipid evaluation; treatment targets the underlying dyslipidemia.

Common Symptoms

Yellow skin/tendon nodules or plaques; eyelid xanthelasma; associated hyperlipidemia; family history

Causes and Pathogenesis

Lipid-laden macrophages deposit cholesterol in skin/tendons, driven by systemic hyperlipidemia (familial hypercholesterolemia, dysbetalipoproteinemia).

Treatment

Treat underlying dyslipidemia (statins, diet); surgical removal for cosmetic/symptomatic tendon lesions

Preventive Measures

Lipid screening; diet/exercise; lipid-lowering therapy.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Dermatology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.