医
China Med Service
Best doctors, yours
Breaking down language, channel and process barriers in cross-border care — making the best doctors your personal doctors.
300 Grade-A partner hospitals · 3,000+ leading experts · one-stop service across all specialties
Alveolar-capillary block is impaired diffusion; ILD/sarcoid; dyspnea; hypoxemia.
呼吸内科Chronic pneumonia is persistent lung infection >4-6 weeks; TB/atypical; cough.
呼吸内科Acute tracheobronchitis is acute inflammation of trachea/bronchi; cough; viral/bacterial.
呼吸内科Bronchiectasis is irreversible abnormal bronchial dilation from chronic inflammation/fibrosis destroying bronchial wall muscle/elastic tissue. Chronic cough, copious purulent sputum, recurrent hemoptysis. Childhood measles/pertussis/bronchopneumonia histo
呼吸内科Mycoplasma pneumoniae (primary atypical pneumonia) causes acute respiratory infection with pharyngitis/bronchitis/pneumonia. Slow onset; fever; paroxysmal irritant cough; scant mucus/mucopurulent sputum (occasionally blood); extrapulmonary multi-system in
呼吸内科Asthmatic pulmonary eosinophilia (bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchocentric granulomatosis) features recurrent asthma; personal/family allergy; age 40-60. Eosinophilia, IgE elevated, Aspergillus skin test positive. GM test/Aspergillus-specific IgG/Ig
呼吸内科Shock-type pneumonia is severe pneumonia with shock; highly virulent Gram-positive/negative bacteria; rapid. Pathogens: pneumococcus/strep/staph. Elderly/weak children. Hypotension/peripheral circulatory failure/altered mental status; metabolic acidosis;
呼吸内科Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) is recurrent inhalation of antigenic organic dust; involves terminal bronchioles. Farmer's lung, bagassosis, mushroom worker's lung, budgerigar fancier's lung, humidifier lung.
呼吸内科Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is recurrent diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; leads to hemosiderosis and eventually pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnosis of exclusion.
呼吸内科Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP, Epler 1985) is chronic interstitial lung disease with bronchiolitis/intra-alveolar fibrosis/interstitial pneumonitis; no honeycomb lung; steroid-responsive. Secondary to cryptococcosis/Wegener/lymp
呼吸内科Postoperative/post-traumatic pneumonia occurs after chest trauma/upper abdominal surgery; pain/bed rest/diaphragm weakness/cough suppression → mucus retention/atelectasis/infection. General/epidural anesthesia higher risk; staph empyema.
呼吸内科Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (Weingarten syndrome) is mainly filarial; M>F; young adults; filarial-endemic areas. Paroxysmal cough/asthma; high eosinophils. Untreated → pulmonary fibrosis.
呼吸内科Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (Carrington) age 20-50; allergic diathesis; cough/fever/dyspnea/weight loss/night sweats/fatigue; 50% wheeze. X-ray: peripheral non-lobar infiltrates; rapid steroid response. Eosinophils 10-40%, ESR up to 100mm/h, BAL eosino
呼吸内科Immunocompromised host pneumonia occurs with immune deficiency; atypical pathogens: TB/fungi/viruses/Pneumocystis. Non-infectious causes: alveolar hemorrhage/edema/radiation/drug toxicity/tumor.
呼吸内科Senile pneumonia often lacks typical respiratory symptoms; rapid progression; missed diagnosis 3.3-61.4%, misdiagnosis 10.8-39.3%. Aging reduces respiratory defense/immune function; cardiopulmonary reserve weak.
呼吸内科Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP, interstitial plasma cell pneumonia) is rare, in immunocompromised. First line TMP 20mg/kg/d + SMZ 100mg/kg/d for 2-4 weeks; clindamycin/caspofungin alternatives.
呼吸内科Staph aureus pneumonia is acute suppurative pneumonia from coagulase-positive staph; 2-3% adult pneumonia; diabetics/liver disease/renal disease/IVDU/preexisting lung disease. Mortality 30-40%. Primary/secondary. Anti-staph penicillin/cephalosporin.
呼吸内科Legionellosis is a systemic disease with pneumonia from Legionella; 40 species, most L. pneumophila then L. micdadei. Gram-negative rod; requires BCYE media; 2.5-5% CO2; 5 days culture. Diagnosed by serology.
呼吸内科Acute lung abscess is suppurative lung infection progressing to necrosis/liquefaction surrounded by granulation tissue. Mixed aerobic/anaerobic oral flora: staph/strep/pneumococcus/Fusobacterium/Peptostreptococcus/Bacteroides. Legionella may also cause.
呼吸内科Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia mainly affects bronchioles; sudden wheezing and obstructive emphysema; <2 years, especially <6 months. Symptomatic/antiviral; antibiotics if bacterial.
呼吸内科
|
