Cytomegaloviral Disease

CMV infection causes cytomegalic cells with inclusions (cytomegalic inclusion disease). May be salivary-gland-limited or systemic. Mostly subclinical; severe/fatal in symptomatic. Congenital infection causes stillbirth/abortion/preterm/birth defects—eugenic concern.

Common Symptoms

Coma; stillbirth; hepatosplenomegaly; abortion; HIV infection; body pain; stillbirth; convulsion; chills; cord blood

Causes and Pathogenesis

(1) Etiology: CMV (β-herpesvirinae); largest/most complex herpesvirus; spherical ~300 nm, lipoprotein envelope; 230 kb linear dsDNA, ~200 proteins; heat/UV/ether/acid-labile; one serotype (AD169). (2) Pathogenesis: widespread multi-organ; direct cytopathy + immune pathology. Epithelial cells; lungs/liver/brain/kidney/spleen/heart/gut/salivary glands/gonads/CNS. Cytomegaly 10-40 µm; enlarged nuclei; eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions with halo (owl's eye); necrosis; granuloma/calcification in brain.

Treatment

TCM, supportive therapy

Preventive Measures

Prenatal care for CMV-positive mothers; amniotic fluid CMV IgM; discuss therapeutic abortion (especially first pregnancy, first trimester). Donor screening for transplant (including blood supply). Vaccine in trials.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Infectious Diseases department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.