Stiff-Person Syndrome

Stiff-person syndrome is a rare autoimmune neurologic disorder characterized by progressive rigidity and stiffness of axial and limb muscles, with episodic painful spasms precipitated by stress/noise. Many patients have anti-GAD antibodies and associated autoimmune disease. Treatment: benzodiazepines (diazepam) for stiffness/spasms, plus immunotherapy (IVIG/plasma exchange/rituximab); supportive care.

Common Symptoms

Progressive axial/limb muscle stiffness; episodic painful spasms; stress/noise trigger; anti-GAD positive; autoimmune association

Causes and Pathogenesis

Anti-GAD/anti-amphiphysin autoimmunity impairs central GABAergic inhibition, producing muscle rigidity/spasms.

Treatment

Benzodiazepines; baclofen; immunotherapy (IVIG/plasma exchange/rituximab); supportive care

Preventive Measures

Screen for autoimmune disease; immunotherapy follow-up.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Neurology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.