Encephalopathy

Encephalopathy is a syndrome of diffuse brain dysfunction, presenting as altered cognition, consciousness, or behavior, due to systemic or intrinsic causes: toxic/drug, metabolic (hepatic/uremic/electrolyte), hypoxic-ischemic, hypertensive, autoimmune, or structural. It differs from focal encephalitis. Workup: labs, toxicology, EEG, imaging. Treatment: identify and correct the underlying cause (electrolytes/drugs/oxygen/hypertension), supportive ICU care, and monitor for seizures/ICP.

Common Symptoms

Altered cognition/consciousness; confusion; somnolence; asterixis; delirium; diffuse, not focal

Causes and Pathogenesis

Toxic/metabolic/hypoxic/hypertensive/autoimmune systemic factors diffusely impair cerebral function.

Treatment

Correct underlying cause; supportive ICU care; monitor seizures/ICP; treat specific cause

Preventive Measures

Treat systemic disease; avoid toxins/drugs; monitor electrolytes.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Neurology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.