Lupus Nephritis

Lupus nephritis (LN) is immune-complex glomerulonephritis in SLE. ISN/RPS classes I-VI. Clinical: proteinuria (>0.5 g/day), hematuria, hypertension, edema, renal insufficiency. Diagnosis: urinalysis, 24-h protein, serology (anti-dsDNA, complements C3/C4), renal biopsy. Treatment: induction (classes III/IV): mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (NIH/EURO-LUPUS) + glucocorticoids (IV methylprednisolone pulses then oral); hydroxychloroquine (all LN); class V: MMF + steroids; class VI: dialysis/transplant; maintenance: MMF/azathioprine + low-dose steroids; RAAS blockade (ACEi/ARB); BP control (<130/80), lipid control; manage anemia/bone protection; follow-up nephrology/rheumatology; monitor anti-dsDNA, C3/C4, proteinuria, eGFR.

Common Symptoms

Edema; foamy urine; hematuria; hypertension; fatigue

Causes and Pathogenesis

Immune-complex deposition (anti-dsDNA) in glomeruli causes LN.

Treatment

MMF/cyclophosphamide induction; glucocorticoids; hydroxychloroquine; maintenance

Preventive Measures

Early SLE diagnosis; hydroxychloroquine; BP/proteinuria control.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Nephrology/Rheumatology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.