Acute nephritis

Acute glomerulonephritis, short for acute nephritis, is also called acute nephritic syndrome depending on cause. It is a group of acute-onset diffuse non-purulent glomerular inflammatory lesions caused by post-infectious immune reaction. Clinically it mainly shows edema, oliguria, hematuria and hypertension; children often have precursor diseases such as cold, tonsillitis or pyogenic skin infection. It is the commonest kidney disease in children, common at age 3-8 and rare under 2. Prognosis is generally good, course 6 months to 1 year, and very few progress to chronic nephritis. A few develop severe symptoms in the first week, such as hypertensive encephalopathy, renal insufficiency or heart failure, so it deserves attention. It is usually caused by nephritogenic strains of hemolytic streptococcus, common after upper respiratory infection (mostly tonsillitis), scarlet fever and skin infection (mostly impetigo).

Common Symptoms

Dull pain; nausea and vomiting; fatigue; fever; ascites; Yi Yupin; anorexia; gestational proteinuria; proteinuria

Causes

Viral infection has also been found to cause acute nephritis, including infectious hepatitis, mumps, chickenpox, influenza, infectious mononucleosis, measles and adenovirus, and nephritis after plasmodium infection. It is usually caused by nephritogenic strains of hemolytic streptococcus after upper respiratory infection, scarlet fever and skin infection. Bacterial infection can also cause it, including bacteremia, various viral and parasitic diseases, pneumococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, meningococcus and typhoid bacillus. In sum, the main cause is streptococcal infection, including tonsillitis, pyoderma and erysipelas, followed by staphylococcal, pneumococcal and viral infection.

Treatment

Medication, symptomatic treatment, rehabilitation therapy

Prevention

1. Exercise to build resistance, especially respiratory resistance in winter. 2. Maintain personal hygiene to reduce streptococcal infection. 3. Once pharyngitis, tonsillitis, cold or scarlet fever occur, treat thoroughly. 4. Balance work and rest. 5. Those with poor resistance may take preventive heat-clearing Chinese medicine in winter.

Recommended Department

It is recommended to visit the nephrology department; before the visit you may first book an appointment and connect with experts through this platform.

Warm reminder: The above information is provided for health education reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek care at a regular hospital in time.