Chloroma (Granulocytic Sarcoma)

Chloroma is a myeloid leukemia; localized abnormal leukocytic infiltrate under periosteum/soft tissue; pale green (myeloperoxidase in tumor cytoplasm); round tumor-like mass (hence name). Mostly otherwise-healthy children; male > female; leukemic marrow/blood changes; rapid course; death within months to weeks.

Common Symptoms

Tender submandibular node enlargement; pale-green eyelid swelling; proptosis; marrow changes

Causes and Pathogenesis

Myeloid leukemia; marrow overproliferation → myeloblast aggregates → tumor-like lesions. Ionizing radiation (dose/site dependent; high-dose XRT for ankylosing spondylitis). Benzene (5-6x risk in workers). Genetics: monozygotic twin sibling = 5x risk within 1y.

Treatment

Drug, surgery, supportive therapy

Preventive Measures

Avoid excessive X-rays/radiation; pregnant women avoid radiation. Avoid radiation; frequent hair dyes; drug abuse; over-processed food; overwork.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Hematology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.