Hemangioma

Hemangioma is the most common congenital benign tumor of infants; up to 1% in Asians. Unique course: rapid proliferation then spontaneous involution. Arises from residual embryonic vascular endothelial cells. 60% occur in head/neck/face skin/subcutis/oral mucosa (tongue/lip/floor of mouth); rare jaw/deep tissues.

Common Symptoms

Diffuse angiokeratoma; hepatic congestion; vascular malformation; dysphagia; airway obstruction

Causes

Genetic dysregulation during early vascular differentiation; mechanical trauma in embryo (8-12 months). Composed of proliferating vessels. Three stages: plexiform, retiform, trunk. Capillary hemangioma (small capillaries, bright red, non-blanching), cavernous (large blood-filled spaces, compressible, blue-purple), mixed. Treatment: oral/topical/intralesional drugs, laser, surgery, radiation/cryo.

Treatment

Oral meds; topical meds; intralesional injection; laser; surgery; radiation/cryotherapy

Prevention

Congenital; prenatal nutrition/lifestyle.

Recommended Department

It is recommended to visit the general surgery department; before the visit you may first book an appointment and connect with experts through this platform.

Warm reminder: The above information is provided for health education reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek care at a regular hospital in time.