Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is end-stage diffuse fibrotic nodular liver from chronic injury (HBV/HCV/alcohol/NAFLD/autoimmune/biliary), causing portal hypertension and synthetic dysfunction. Treatment: treat underlying cause (antivirals/abstinence/weight control/ursodeoxycholic acid/immunosuppression); manage complications (nonselective beta-blockers/band ligation for varices; diuretics/paracentesis/TIPS for ascites; lactulose/rifaximin for encephalopathy; antibiotics for SBP); screen for hepatocellular carcinoma (ultrasound ± AFP every 6 months); nutritional support; avoid hepatotoxins; liver transplant evaluation for decompensated; monitor renal function/osteoporosis; follow-up.

Common Symptoms

Ascites; varices; encephalopathy; jaundice; end-stage fibrotic liver

Causes and Pathogenesis

Chronic injury causes fibrosis/nodular regeneration and portal hypertension.

Treatment

Treat cause; manage complications; screen HCC; transplant eval

Preventive Measures

Vaccination; limit alcohol; weight control; early treatment of hepatitis.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Gastroenterology/Hepatology/Transplant/Critical-care department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.