Vulvar Hemangioma

Vulvar hemangioma is a hamartoma (not true tumor); abnormal vascular structures of numerous capillaries/cavernous vessels; congenital capillary/cavernous types. Present at birth; some regress; labium majus; slow. Asymptomatic; large = vulvar swelling/pain/dyspareunia/cosmetic issue.

Common Symptoms

Papule; nodule; vascular nevus

Causes and Pathogenesis

(1) Etiology: mesodermal; congenital pigmented nevus origin; cavernous = dermal/submucosal vascular proliferation; angiokeratoma = capillary dilation. (2) Mechanism: (a) capillary hemangioma (strawberry): dermal capillary proliferation, endothelial hyperplasia, solid cords; (b) cavernous: dilated vascular spaces, thrombosis, flat endothelium, fibrous wall; (c) nevus flammeus: upper/mid dermal dilated capillaries, no endothelial hyperplasia; (d) angiokeratoma: epidermal hyperkeratosis/acanthosis, dilated papillary capillaries filled with RBCs.

Treatment

Drug, supportive, surgery

Preventive Measures

Congenital; early treatment. Urethral/vestibular lesions: prevent trauma/infection.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Gynecology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.