Exophthalmos

Exophthalmos (proptosis) is anterior protrusion of the eyeball, most often due to thyroid-associated orbitopathy (Graves disease), but also orbital tumor, cellulitis, or carotid-cavernous fistula. Clinical: protruding eye, lid retraction, exposure keratopathy, diplopia. Treatment: identify and treat the underlying cause (thyroid orbitopathy/tumor/cellulitis); protect the cornea (lubrication/tarsorrhaphy); orbital decompression for severe thyroid-eye disease.

Common Symptoms

Protruding eye; lid retraction; exposure keratopathy; diplopia; thyroid signs by cause

Causes and Pathogenesis

Thyroid autoimmune inflammation/tumor/cellulitis expands orbital contents, pushing the globe forward.

Treatment

Treat cause; protect cornea; orbital decompression for severe thyroid-eye disease

Preventive Measures

Control thyroid disease; protect cornea.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Ophthalmology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.