Xanthomatosis

Xanthomatosis is the presence of widespread xanthomatous lipid deposits in skin, tendons, or mucous membranes. It usually indicates underlying hyperlipidemia (familial hypercholesterolemia, dysbetalipoproteinemia) or, in normolipemic cases, paraproteinemia/multiple myeloma. Treatment: identify and treat the underlying lipid or plasma-cell disorder; surgical removal for symptomatic/cosmetic lesions.

Common Symptoms

Widespread yellow papules/plaques/nodules; tendon xanthomas; eyelid xanthelasma; eruptive lesions

Causes and Pathogenesis

Lipid-laden macrophage deposition in skin/tendons driven by systemic hyperlipidemia or paraprotein-mediated lipid binding.

Treatment

Lipid-lowering therapy; treat paraproteinemia/multiple myeloma if present; surgical removal of symptomatic lesions

Preventive Measures

Lipid screening; investigate normolipemic xanthomas for paraproteinemia.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Dermatology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.