Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic central disorder of hypersomnolence, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness with irresistible sleep attacks, and cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotion) in type 1. Additional features: sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations, and disrupted nighttime sleep. It is due to loss of hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin neurons (type 1). Treatment: modafinil/stimulants for sleepiness, sodium oxybate for cataplexy/sleepiness, and scheduled naps.

Common Symptoms

Irresistible sleep attacks; cataplexy; sleep paralysis; hypnagogic hallucinations; disrupted nighttime sleep

Causes and Pathogenesis

Loss of hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin neurons (type 1) causes dysregulation of sleep-wake boundaries.

Treatment

Modafinil/stimulants; sodium oxybate for cataplexy; scheduled naps; avoid sleep deprivation

Preventive Measures

Scheduled naps; safe driving/work; treat cataplexy.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Neurology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.