Seminoma

Seminoma arises from testicular primordial germ cells; most common testicular tumor; middle-aged, unilateral, right > left. Cryptorchidism raises risk dozens-fold. Low-grade malignancy. Testis enlarged (up to 10x), usually 3-5 cm. High orchiectomy first; highly radiosensitive. Stage I: prophylactic iliac/retroperitoneal node irradiation.

Common Symptoms

Testicular distending pain; testicular tenderness; testicular pain

Causes

Germ cell (95%, seminiferous epithelium) vs non-germ cell (5%, interstitial). Age 25-44; racial differences. Related to race/genetics/cryptorchidism/carcinogens/trauma/endocrine. Undescended testis has higher local temperature and impaired blood flow. 16% have family history. Testicular feminization syndrome predisposes. Trauma not direct but precedes degeneration. Mumps/smallpox/viral mumps/bacterial inflammation cause orchitis. Endocrine relationship (young/sexually active; estrogen-induced in mice). TCM: liver qi stagnation, spleen deficiency, phlegm.

Treatment

Surgery; drug therapy; radiotherapy; supportive care

Prevention

High dairy/cheese intake raises risk 87%. Quit smoking; fix diet. Treat cryptorchidism at 4-6 (max 7-11) years; endocrine 2 weeks then orchiopexy if no response.

Recommended Department

It is recommended to visit the oncology department; before the visit you may first book an appointment and connect with experts through this platform.

Warm reminder: The above information is provided for health education reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek care at a regular hospital in time.