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昏迷、失水、呼吸困难、多饮、木僵、腹痛、乏力、便秘、多尿、惊厥
Hypercalcemia is elevated serum calcium (>2.6 mmol/L). Symptoms: bones (pain/fractures), stones (renal calculi), groans (abdominal pain, nausea, constipation), psychic moans (confusion/lethargy), and thrones (polyuria). Severe hypercalcemic crisis: dehydration, arrhythmia, coma. Causes: primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy (PTHrP/osteolytic metastases) are most common. Treatment: IV isotonic fluids, calcitonin, bisphosphonates; treat underlying cause.
Bone pain; renal stones; abdominal pain/constipation; fatigue; confusion/polyuria; arrhythmia; dehydration
Parathyroid-hormone excess or malignancy-mediated bone resorption raises serum calcium, causing nephrogenic DI, GI dysmotility, neuropsychiatric and cardiac effects.
IV isotonic fluids; calcitonin; IV bisphosphonate; treat underlying hyperparathyroidism/malignancy; avoid thiazides
Hydration; early malignancy/hyperparathyroidism workup; avoid calcium/vitamin-D excess.
It is recommended to visit the Endocrinology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.
Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.
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