Hypoglycemic Disorder

A hypoglycemic disorder is recurrent or abnormal low blood glucose below the normal range, typically <3.9 mmol/L. It is classified by etiology: (1) iatrogenic (insulin/sulfonylurea in diabetes); (2) fasting/endogenous hyperinsulinism (insulinoma); (3) reactive (postprandial, after gastric surgery); (4) secondary to organ failure/alcohol/endocrine deficiency. Diagnosis relies on Whipple triad and 72-hour fast / mixed-meal test; treatment targets the underlying cause.

Common Symptoms

Recurrent adrenergic symptoms; confusion; sweating; tremor; hunger; episodes relieved by food

Causes and Pathogenesis

Imbalance between glucose supply and insulin/counterregulatory response; endogenous hyperinsulinism, fasting, or drug-induced suppression of glucose production.

Treatment

Acute glucose; treat underlying (insulinoma resection, diazoxide, octreotide); dietary small frequent meals; adjust diabetic therapy

Preventive Measures

Regular meals; diabetic education; avoid excess insulin; evaluate unexplained episodes.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Endocrinology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.