Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

Lymphocytic hypophysitis is an autoimmune inflammatory infiltration of the pituitary gland, most often occurring in late pregnancy or the postpartum period. It presents as a sellar mass with headache, visual symptoms, hypopituitarism, and often diabetes insipidus; it may mimic a pituitary adenoma. MRI shows diffuse pituitary enlargement with thickened stalk. It often self-resolves but may require glucocorticoids or surgical decompression for visual compromise.

Common Symptoms

Headache; visual disturbance; hypopituitarism; fatigue; diabetes insipidus; postpartum onset; sellar mass on MRI

Causes and Pathogenesis

Autoimmune lymphocytic infiltration destroys pituitary parenchyma; pregnancy-related antigenic exposure is a common trigger.

Treatment

Hormone replacement; glucocorticoids for active inflammation; transsphenoidal decompression if visual compromise; observation

Preventive Measures

Consider in postpartum headache/visual symptoms; follow pituitary function.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Endocrinology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.