Bronchial Asthma

Bronchial asthma is chronic inflammatory airway disease with variable airflow obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity, presenting with recurrent wheeze, dyspnea, cough, and chest tightness, triggered by allergens/exercise/irritants/URIs. Treatment: stepwise controller (inhaled corticosteroids; LABA; leukotriene antagonists; theophylline; biologics in severe eosinophilic/allergic); reliever (SABA); allergen/irritant avoidance; treat comorbidities (allergic rhinitis/GERD); treat exacerbations (SABA, systemic steroids, oxygen, magnesium); patient education; peak-flow monitoring; vaccines (flu/pneumococcal); smoking cessation.

Common Symptoms

Recurrent wheeze/dyspnea/cough; chest tightness; nocturnal/exertional; by allergic/nonallergic/exercise-induced

Causes and Pathogenesis

Allergic/nonallergic airway inflammation causes bronchial hyperreactivity and reversible obstruction.

Treatment

Stepwise inhaled steroids/bronchodilators; allergen avoidance; treat exacerbations; biologics in severe

Preventive Measures

Allergen avoidance; flu/pneumococcal vaccine; smoking cessation; exercise as tolerated.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Pulmonology/Allergy department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.