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Home > West Medicine > Internal Medicine > Cardiology
I10.x09

Essential (Primary) Hypertension

心内科

Common symptoms

头胀、神经性头痛、健忘、自主神经反射、心肌肥厚、耳鸣、颅内高压、头痛头晕、多梦、眩晕

The pathology of disease

Essential (primary) hypertension is idiopathic sustained elevated blood pressure, accounting for ~90% of hypertension, multifactorial (genetic/environmental: obesity, salt, stress). It is asymptomatic but causes stroke/MI/heart failure/renal disease. Treatment: lifestyle modification (low salt, weight, exercise, alcohol); antihypertensive drug therapy (thiazide, ACEi/ARB, CCB, beta-blocker) to target <140/90 mmHg; screen and treat target-organ damage.

Common Symptoms

Usually asymptomatic; detected on screening; by grade 1/2/3; target-organ damage (stroke/MI/renal)

Causes and Pathogenesis

Multifactorial genetic/environmental factors raise peripheral resistance/cardiac output.

Treatment

Lifestyle; antihypertensives (thiazide/ACEi/ARB/CCB/beta-blocker); target <140/90; screen target organs

Preventive Measures

Low-salt diet; exercise; weight control; regular BP screening.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Cardiology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.