Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension is elevated mean pulmonary-artery pressure (>25 mmHg at rest), classified into 5 groups: group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic/heritable/associated), group 2 (left-heart disease), group 3 (lung disease/hypoxia), group 4 (chronic thromboembolic), and group 5 (multifactorial). Clinical: exertional dyspnea, fatigue, syncope, right-heart failure. Treatment: classify and treat the underlying cause; supportive therapy (oxygen/diuretics/anticoagulation); PAH-specific therapy (ERA/PDE5i/prostanoids) for group 1; CTEPH - pulmonary endarterectomy; lung transplantation for advanced.

Common Symptoms

Exertional dyspnea; fatigue/syncope; right-heart failure; elevated PA pressure; by WHO group 1-5

Causes and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary vascular remodeling/left-heart/lung/thromboembolic causes raise PA pressure and RV afterload.

Treatment

Treat underlying cause; supportive; PAH-specific therapy for group 1; endarterectomy for CTEPH; transplant for advanced

Preventive Measures

Treat left-heart/lung/thromboembolic disease; avoid high-risk drugs/pregnancy.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Respiratory/Cardiology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.