Valvular Heart Disease

Valvular heart disease is stenosis and/or regurgitation of one or more heart valves (mitral/aortic/tricuspid/pulmonary), due to rheumatic, degenerative, congenital, ischemic, or endocarditic causes. Clinical: dyspnea, heart failure, murmurs. Treatment: manage heart failure; treat underlying cause; surgical/transcatheter valve repair or replacement when severe and symptomatic; endocarditis prophylaxis for high-risk valves; long-term echo follow-up.

Common Symptoms

Dyspnea/heart failure; murmurs; by valve (mitral/aortic/tricuspid/pulmonary); by stenosis/regurgitation

Causes and Pathogenesis

Rheumatic/degenerative/congenital/ischemic disease causes valve stenosis or regurgitation and pressure/volume overload.

Treatment

Manage HF; treat cause; valve repair/replacement when severe/symptomatic; prophylaxis; echo follow-up

Preventive Measures

Treat rheumatic fever/endocarditis; echo surveillance; prophylaxis.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Cardiology/Cardiac-surgery department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.