Chronic Heart Failure

Chronic heart failure is persistent ventricular dysfunction (HFrEF/HFpEF) with chronic symptoms and intermittent decompensation. Clinical: chronic dyspnea, edema, fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance. Treatment: GDMT (ACEi/ARNI, beta-blocker, MRA, SGLT2i for HFrEF); diuretics for congestion; treat underlying cause; device therapy (CRT/ICD); cardiac rehab; patient education on self-management; monitor for acute decompensation.

Common Symptoms

Chronic dyspnea/edema; fatigue; reduced exercise tolerance; by HFrEF/HFpEF; intermittent decompensation

Causes and Pathogenesis

Chronic myocardial injury/structural disease causes persistent ventricular dysfunction.

Treatment

GDMT; diuretics; treat cause; CRT/ICD; rehab; self-management education

Preventive Measures

GDMT adherence; salt/fluid restriction; monitor weight; avoid triggers.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Cardiology/Heart-failure department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.