Trichinellosis

Trichinellosis: Trichinella spiralis zoonosis; undercooked pork. GI symptoms, fever, myalgia, edema, eosinophilia.

Common Symptoms

Papulomacular rash; wheal; myalgia; abdominal pain; sustained fever; low fever; convulsion; nausea; weight loss; peritonitis

Causes and Pathogenesis

(1) Etiology: small dioecious nematode; male 1.4-1.6 × 0.04-0.05 mm; female 3-4 × 0.06 mm. Viviparous. Adult/larva in same host but must change host to mature. Female 1500-2000 larvae; larvae via lymph/blood to skeletal muscle; encyst in 1 month, mature 7-8 weeks, 0.25-0.5 × 0.21-0.42 mm; calcify in 6 months; survive 3-5 years in cyst; -12°C survives 57 days; 70°C kills. (2) Pathogenesis: 5 larvae/kg fatal; GI stage: mucosal hyperemia/edema/erosion; migration: vasculitis/edema/pulmonary hemorrhage/edema/bronchopneumonia/hemorrhagic pleural effusion; CNS: aseptic meningitis/ICP; heart: myocarditis; skeletal muscle (tongue/diaphragm/intercostal/neck/chest/abdomen) = interstitial myositis, encysted larvae; myositis; rare cardiac larvae due to contraction.

Treatment

Drug, symptomatic, supportive therapy

Preventive Measures

No raw pork; pigpen management; no raw offal/fish scraps; feed heated ≥55°C; rodent control; meat inspection; -15°C 20 d or -18°C 24 h.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Infectious Diseases department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.