Intellectual Disability (Mental Subnormality)

Intellectual disability (mental subnormality) is significantly subaverage intellectual functioning and impaired adaptive behavior, manifesting during the developmental period. Severity ranges from mild to profound. Etiology includes genetic/chromosomal disorders, prenatal infection/exposure, perinatal complications, postnatal brain injury, and deprivation. Evaluation: developmental/psychometric testing, etiologic work-up. Management: individualized special education, adaptive-skills training, family support, and treat associated medical/psychiatric conditions.

Common Symptoms

Delayed milestones; learning difficulty; impaired self-care/social adaptation; subaverage IQ; onset in developmental period

Causes and Pathogenesis

Genetic, prenatal, perinatal, postnatal, or psychosocial factors impair cognitive and adaptive development during childhood.

Treatment

Psychometric/etiologic evaluation; special education; adaptive-skills training; family support; treat associated conditions

Preventive Measures

Prenatal care; newborn/genetic screening; avoid teratogens; early intervention; adequate nutrition/stimulation.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Pediatrics department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.