Relative Polycythemia

Relative polycythemia (also called Gaisbock syndrome or stress polycythemia) is apparent polycythemia caused by reduced plasma volume (hemoconcentration) rather than true RBC-mass increase. It occurs in middle-aged hypertensive, obese, smoking, stressed men. RBC mass is normal; hematocrit is elevated; thrombosis risk is modest.

Common Symptoms

Plethora; headache; hypertension; dizziness; smoking; obesity

Causes and Pathogenesis

Reduced plasma volume from dehydration, stress, diuretics, smoking or obesity causes hemoconcentration; RBC mass remains normal.

Treatment

Treat underlying cause (hydration, smoking cessation, weight loss, control hypertension); phlebotomy rarely needed

Preventive Measures

Hydration; quit smoking; control weight/hypertension; reduce stress.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Hematology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.