Lower-extremity Deep-vein Thrombosis

Deep-vein thrombosis of the lower extremity is thrombus formation in deep leg veins, associated with Virchow triad (stasis/hypercoagulability/endothelial injury). Clinical: unilateral leg swelling, pain, warmth, erythema; risk of pulmonary embolism. Treatment: anticoagulation (heparin/DOAC/warfarin); early ambulation; compression stockings; IVC filter only if anticoagulation contraindicated/recurrent despite anticoagulation; thrombolysis for massive iliofemoral DVT; identify thrombophilia; duration by provoked/unprovoked.

Common Symptoms

Unilateral leg swelling; pain/warmth/erythema; by distal/ proximal/iliofemoral

Causes and Pathogenesis

Stasis/hypercoagulability/endothelial injury cause thrombus in deep veins; risk of PE.

Treatment

Anticoagulation; early ambulation; compression; IVC filter when indicated; thrombolysis for massive DVT

Preventive Measures

Mobility; prophylaxis in surgery/immobility; treat thrombophilia.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Vascular-surgery/Hematology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.