Anal Fissure

Anal fissure is a tear/ulcer of anal lining (midline posterior/anterior), due to constipation/trauma, presenting with severe pain during defecation and bright-red bleeding. Treatment: fiber/fluids; stool softeners; sitz baths; topical glyceryl trinitrate or diltiazem cream (relax internal sphincter); topical nifedipine; botulinum toxin injection for chronic; lateral internal sphincterotomy if refractory/chronic; avoid constipation; follow-up to detect healing/recurrence.

Common Symptoms

Pain during defecation; bright-red bleeding; by constipation/trauma

Causes and Pathogenesis

Constipation/trauma causes anal tear and sphincter spasm.

Treatment

Fiber/fluids; topical GTN/diltiazem; sphincterotomy if refractory

Preventive Measures

High-fiber diet; avoid constipation; gentle hygiene.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Anorectal/Gastrointestinal-surgery department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.