Lipoma

Lipoma is a benign fat-tissue tumor; thin fibrous capsule; normal adipocytes grouped into lobules by fibrous bundles; complex lipomas have more connective tissue/vessels. Any fat site; rare malignant change. Common subcutaneous shoulder/back/buttock; surgery if large. Common in middle-aged (50-60y).

Common Symptoms

Soft hemispheric lateral-leg mass; polyp; slow growth; fibrotic calcified nodule

Causes and Pathogenesis

Familial/congenital cases; inflammation → connective-tissue degeneration; periglandular fat infiltration; lymphatic/blood circulation disorder; pituitary gonadotropin; congenital dysplasia/generalized fat metabolism/intestinal malnutrition (weak evidence). Deep dermis/subcutis: spherical/nodular/lobulated; mature adipocytes; thin capsule; fibrous septa; yellow soft greasy cut surface; vascular distribution variable. Fibrolipoma (fibrous ~half cut); angiolipoma (vascular ~half cut; capillary endothelial proliferation, thrombosis); myxolipoma (myxoid change, foam cells/stellate cells); rare hemorrhage/necrosis/calcification/liquefaction/xanthomatous change.

Treatment

Drug, supportive therapy, surgery

Preventive Measures

Low-cholesterol diet: excess cholesterol → subcutaneous/visceral deposition. Limit meat <75g/day (lean pork/skinless chicken/duck); avoid fatty meat/skin/processed meats; strictly limit roe/squid/organ meats (liver/brain/kidney/lung/stomach/intestine).

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the General Surgery department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.