Bladder Tuberculosis

Bladder TB is secondary to renal TB, occasionally spreading from prostatic TB, and often coexists with genitourinary TB. Early lesions are inflammatory edema, congestion, and ulcers; late bladder contracture develops. Ureteral orifice involvement causes stricture or incompetence leading to hydronephrosis and impaired renal function.

Common Symptoms

Reduced bladder capacity; frequency; pyuria; Li Dong; hematuria; anuria; incontinence; dysuria

Causes and Pathogenesis

Bladder TB is part of urinary tract TB, mostly from renal TB via bacilluria and submucosal spread along the ureter. Bacilluria and submucosal ureteral spread rapidly cause trigone congestion and edema, then tubercles; the trigone is first affected and quickly spreads to the entire bladder wall; tubercles coalesce, caseate, and ulcerate.

Treatment

Anti-tuberculous therapy, surgical treatment, supportive therapy

Preventive Measures

The fundamental measure is preventing pulmonary TB; the US CDC (1989) proposed a 20-year elimination strategy: 1. Prevent progression from infection to clinical disease with rifampin plus isoniazid for 3 months; 6-month short-course supervised therapy shows intermittent dosing works as well as daily dosing. 2. Research species/genus-specific antigens, monoclonal antibodies, and DNA probes for early diagnosis and early detection of resistant strains.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Urology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.