Hepatoblastoma

Hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver tumor (~62% of pediatric primary liver malignancies). Arises from hepatic embryonic primordium; epithelial-origin malignancy; high-grade, metastasizes hematogenously/lymphatically to lung/abdomen/nodes/brain.

Common Symptoms

Pallor; diarrhea; anorexia; ascites; renal ptosis; anorexia

Causes

May arise from abnormal embryonic connective tissue; neonatal cases (7-month fetus reported); adult cases from embryonic hepatocytes that later malignant-transform. Mostly right lobe; ~half bilateral/multifocal; solitary, round, well-demarcated, 5-25 cm; nodular/lobulated, half encapsulated, firm, brown-gray cut with hemorrhage/necrosis/calcification, usually no cirrhosis. Histology: fetal (well-differentiated, smaller polygonal eosinophilic vacuolated cells, diploid), embryonal (poorly differentiated, small spindle, high N:C, aneuploid, vascular invasion, worse prognosis), mixed (with osteoid/cartilage/skeletal muscle/squamous/keratin). Extrahepatic mets: lung, abdominal nodes, brain.

Treatment

Surgery; drug therapy; supportive care

Prevention

Avoid carcinogens; boost immunity.

Recommended Department

It is recommended to visit the hepatobiliary surgery department; before the visit you may first book an appointment and connect with experts through this platform.

Warm reminder: The above information is provided for health education reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek care at a regular hospital in time.