Hiatal Hernia

Hiatal hernia is herniation of gastric cardia/fundus through the esophageal hiatus (Type I sliding / Type II paraesophageal), associated with GERD, presenting with heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, and possible bleeding/obstruction (paraesophageal). Treatment: PPI/H2 blocker; lifestyle (weight loss, elevate head, avoid late meals); surgical fundoplication + hiatal repair for symptomatic/intractable GERD or paraesophageal complications; watchful waiting for asymptomatic small sliding hernia; endoscopy to rule out Barrett/esophagitis; follow-up.

Common Symptoms

Heartburn/regurgitation; chest pain; by sliding/paraesophageal

Causes and Pathogenesis

Hiatal weakness allows stomach herniation and reflux.

Treatment

PPI; lifestyle; surgery if symptomatic/paraesophageal; endoscopy follow-up

Preventive Measures

Weight loss; avoid late meals; treat GERD.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Gastroenterology/Gastrointestinal-surgery department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.