Pleural Mesothelioma

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a primary pleural tumor arising from visceral, parietal, mediastinal or diaphragmatic pleura. Incidence abroad (0.07-0.11%) > domestic (0.04%); <1% of all cancer deaths worldwide. By cell type/extent/malignancy: localized (low-grade) vs diffuse (high-grade). Rising trend; >50y; M:F 2:1; asbestos exposure. No effective treatment for malignant type. Prevention = occupational asbestos protection; localized benign cases respond well to surgery; diffuse malignant cases respond to doxorubicin-based chemo, prolonging survival.

Common Symptoms

Chest pain; chest pain with dyspnea; progressive weight loss; exertional dyspnea; diminished breath sounds

Causes and Pathogenesis

MPM caused by asbestos exposure; ~70-80% of cases due to asbestos alone; longer exposure = higher risk. Two asbestos forms: amphibole (tremolite, highly carcinogenic) vs chrysotile (less carcinogenic). Inhaled asbestos deposits in parietal pleura as small black dots; after latency 14-17y develops MPM; latency depends on duration/intensity.

Treatment

Surgery, drug, supportive therapy

Preventive Measures

Asbestos protection; reduce/avoid asbestos contact. Localized benign: good surgical outcome. Diffuse malignant: doxorubicin-based chemo prolongs survival.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Cardiothoracic Surgery department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.