Malignant Maxillary Sinus Tumor

Chinese ENT tumor statistics: maxillary sinus malignancies = 40.3% of nasal malignancies, 1.2% of all systemic malignancies. Lewis et al. (1972): 772 nasal/nasal sinus cancers; ~30% in nasal cavity, 70% in paranasal sinuses; maxillary sinus = 58% (most common). Age >50; M:F 2:1. Histology: mostly squamous cell carcinoma (~80%); next undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, cylindroma, lymphoepithelioma, papillary carcinoma, malignant melanoma, malignant plasmacytoma, chondrosarcoma/osteosarcoma.

Common Symptoms

Globe displacement; semicircular bulge of hard palate; ear pain; gingival swelling; visual disturbance; nasal obstruction; epiphora; intractable headache

Causes and Pathogenesis

Mostly squamous cell carcinoma (~80%); then undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, cylindroma, lymphoepithelioma, papillary carcinoma, malignant melanoma, malignant plasmacytoma, chondrosarcoma/osteosarcoma.

Treatment

Surgery, radiation, drug, rehabilitation therapy

Preventive Measures

Target known risk factors: loss of immune surveillance, immunosuppressants, latent viruses, long-term physical (radiation)/chemical (antiepileptics, corticosteroids) exposure may cause lymphoreticular proliferation. Personal/environmental hygiene; avoid drug abuse; occupational protection.

Department to Visit

It is recommended to visit the Surgical Oncology department; an appointment can be booked on this platform before the visit.

Warm reminder: The above information is for health science reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis. If you have related symptoms, please seek medical attention at a regular hospital promptly.