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Secondary adrenal insufficiency is ACTH deficiency from pituitary; cortisol deficiency; normal aldosterone; women lose pubic/axillary hair.
内分泌科Thyroid adenoma is benign follicular neoplasm; solitary nodule; euthyroid; rare hyperthyroid.
内分泌科Silent lymphocytic thyroiditis is painless thyroiditis; transient hyperthyroidism then hypothyroidism; middle-aged women.
内分泌科Euthyroid goiter is thyroid enlargement with normal thyroid function; iodine deficiency/sporadic.
内分泌科Hypothyroidism is thyroid hormone deficiency; fatigue/cold intolerance/weight gain/myxedema; women.
内分泌科Graves disease is autoimmune hyperthyroidism; TSHR antibodies; goiter/exophthalmos/tremor/weight loss.
内分泌科Hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma (HHS) is severe hyperglycemia hyperosmolarity in type 2 DM; dehydration/altered mental status; no ketosis.
内分泌科Polyglandular deficiency syndrome is autoimmune polyglandular failure; autoimmune thyroid/adrenal/parathyroid/diabetes.
内分泌科Pituitary dwarfism (growth hormone deficiency) is GH deficiency; proportionate short stature; normal intelligence.
内分泌科Anterior pituitary hypofunction is partial anterior pituitary hormone deficiency; secondary hypothyroidism/adrenal/gonad.
内分泌科Pituitary crisis and apoplexy is acute pituitary tumor hemorrhage; severe headache/visual disturbance/adrenal crisis.
内分泌科Adult panhypopituitarism is deficiency of all pituitary hormones; secondary adrenal/thyroid/gonad; pituitary tumor/apoplexy.
内分泌科Excess ADH secretion syndrome (SIADH) is inappropriate ADH release; euvolemic hyponatremia; ectopic secretion/CNS/lung.
内分泌科Bilateral congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is 21-hydroxylase deficiency; cortisol/aldosterone deficiency; androgen excess; salt-wasting/virilization.
内分泌科Ectopic ACTH syndrome is ACTH from non-pituitary tumor (small cell lung ca); Cushing syndrome; hypokalemia.
内分泌科Glycogen storage disease is inherited glycogen metabolism enzyme deficiency; liver/heart/muscle involvement. Types I-VII.
内分泌科Hyperthyroidism is thyroid hormone excess; high metabolic syndrome/goiter/exophthalmos/neuro/cardiac dysfunction. Graves disease (toxic diffuse goiter) most common.
内分泌科Pineal gland is above diencephalon, secretes melatonin (opposite MSH), neuroendocrine transducer/biological clock, may inhibit gonads. Pinealoma (Pellizzi 1972) = precocious puberty syndrome/hypertrophia hemihypergenitalis. Causes: gonadotropin/sex steroi
内分泌科Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a tumor of chromaffin cells; extra-adrenal PHEO can occur anywhere from carotid body to pelvis. Causes hypertension and metabolic disturbances; severe HTN can damage heart/brain/kidney or cause crisis, but is curable if diagnose
内分泌科Prolactinoma is a pituitary tumor secreting PRL; the most common functional pituitary tumor. Typical manifestations: amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility, hyperprolactinemia, and possible sellar mass effect.
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