医
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Chloroquine poisoning is antimalarial overdose; severe cardiac toxicity/arrhythmia/coma/hypotension.
急诊科Chlorpromazine (phenothiazine) poisoning is antipsychotic overdose; CNS depression/anticholinergic/hypotension/arrhythmia.
急诊科Quinine poisoning is cinchonism; tinnitus/headache/vertigo/visual disturbance/arrhythmia/hypoglycemia.
急诊科Coramine (nikethamide) poisoning is CNS stimulant overdose; convulsions/CNS depression.
急诊科Enterogenous cyanosis is methemoglobinemia from nitrate-rich vegetables/well water; nitrate-reducing bacteria in GI.
急诊科Potato (Solanum tuberosum) sprouts/green skin contain solanine (C45H73O15N); corrosive/hemolytic; depresses respiratory/motor centers. Normal 5-10mg/100g; sprouted 25-60mg, up to 430mg.
急诊科Formalin is 35-40% formaldehyde solution; disinfectant/preservative; irritates skin/mucosa; CNS depression; formic acid causes acidosis.
急诊科Salmonella food poisoning is common bacterial food poisoning; Gram-negative rods; S. typhimurium/enteritidis/choleraesuis. Contaminated pork/offal undercooked.
急诊科Diphacinone is widely used anticoagulant rodenticide; high toxicity; competes vitamin K, inhibits clotting factors; metabolite damages capillaries. 1% powder/sodium salt. Children ingest accidentally.
急诊科Poisonous mushroom poisoning: >190 toxic species in China; 30 lethal; 150 toxins. Four types: gastroenteric/neuropsychiatric/toxic hepatitis/toxic hemolytic. Fatal species: Lepiota/white/amanita/Galerina/false morel.
急诊科Xanthium poisoning is from accidental ingestion of cocklebur fruit/seedlings (mistaken for bean sprouts). Mild: dizziness/headache/fatigue/anorexia/dry mouth/nausea/vomiting/abdominal pain/diarrhea/facial flushing/conjunctival injection/urticaria. <12h: e
急诊科Cottonseed contains gossypol pigment glands damaging nerve/blood/liver/kidney. Acute/chronic poisoning. Chronic: dry flushed skin worse in sun; female amenorrhea; male oligospermia. Cotton-growing regions.
急诊科Bismuth poisoning mostly from excessive bismuth subnitrate for diarrhea; children. Nausea/vomiting/salivation/tongue/throat pain/abdominal pain/diarrhea/black bloody stools/mucosal bleeding/headache/convulsions.
急诊科Proteus food poisoning from large ingestion of contaminated food; Gram-negative rod; P. vulgaris/P. mirabilis; 100+ serotypes. Enterotoxin. Summer/autumn; gastroenteric/allergic types.
急诊科Pyrazolones are antipyrine derivatives; toxic; agranulocytosis at therapeutic doses. Aminopyrine/dipyrone/phenylbutazone/oxyphenbutazone. Aminopyrine withdrawn; only combination products (Somiton/Naoding/Andongding).
急诊科Opium is dried latex from unripe poppy pods; contains morphine/codeine/heroin/ethylmorphine. Analgesic/sedative/hypnotic/respiratory depressant/antitussive. >0.5g causes respiratory depression/arrest, pin-point pupils, coma; death from respiratory paralys
急诊科Carbamate pesticides are synthetic after organophosphates; less toxic (except aldicarb). Cholinesterase inhibition; muscarinic/nicotinic/CNS symptoms. Examples: carbaryl/propoxur/isolan/furadan. Rapid hydrolysis → faster recovery than organophosphate.
急诊科Drowning is submersion/immersion in liquid causing respiratory impairment; hypoxia/CO2 retention; laryngospasm/foreign body obstruction. ~20% dry drownings.
急诊科Acute ether poisoning from overdose/high concentration/rapid drip during anesthesia; rare accidental ingestion; hypersensitivity. Fetal/neonatal poisoning possible. Symptoms: vomiting/cyanosis/hypothermia/mydriasis/shallow breathing/tachycardia/hypotensio
急诊科Nickel poisoning from inhalation of nickel salts; respiratory irritation and skin damage. Industrial nickel alloys; increased cancer risk.
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