Autoimmune hepatitis is a group of chronic liver and bile diseases caused by the body's immune system attacking its own liver tissues abnormally, mainly autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune biliary bile bile duct infection (also known as autoimmune biliary hepatic sclerosis) and autoimmune sclerosis of the bile duct, which can also present overlapping syndrome (two variants exist simultaneously). In patients, the immune response mechanism is impaired, and lymph cells and autoantibodies attack the liver cells or gallbladder, causing chronic inflammation, liver fibrillation, which can develop later in life as hepatitis, liver failure, and increased risk of liver cancer. The causes of autoimmune liver disease are not entirely clear, but are the result of a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental factors (infections, medications) and immune-regulating abnormalities.
Genetically, genes such as HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 increase susceptibility; certain medications (such as tetrahydrocannabinol) and viral infections can be induced; the core mechanism is regulatory T cell dysfunction, the immune system loses tolerance to its own antibodies, produces its own antibodies and activates T cells, damages liver cells or bile ducts. Autoimmune hepatitis: occult or acute, common weakness, decreased appetite, right upper abdominal discomfort, jaundice, joint pain, partial acute hepatitis and even hepatic failure; commonly associated with other autoimmune diseases (thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, dry syndrome, etc. ).
Premature gallbladder infection: common in middle-aged women, with early onset of weakness, skin rashes (the most prominent symptoms), fatigue, progressive yellow fever, fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, lipid-soluble vitamin deficiency; common and dry. Diagnosis of autoimmune liver disease combined with clinical performance, laboratory and pathological examination. Laboratory examination: abnormalities of liver function: transaminase, nitric acidase, glutamate transferase elevation), autoantibody testing is important to check for autoimmune hepatitis common anti-nuclear antibodies, smooth muscle antibodies, anti-hepatoproteins antibodies; pathogenic bile bile duct infection with anti-methyl antibodies; pathogenic bile duct infection with anti-methyl antibodies; anti-inflammatory bile duct infection with anti-neutral cellular cells.
Liver penetrating activation testing is a gold standard for identifying and evaluating classified characteristic changes, such as surface hepatitis and bile duct damage. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas is used to diagnose congenital chronic bile duct infection. Treatment for autoimmune liver disease is aimed at suppressing immune inflammation, delaying fibrillation, and preventing complications.
One line of treatment for autoimmune hepatitis is glucocortical hormone combined sulfate, and most patients respond well, with long-term maintenance of treatment and regular monitoring of liver function, side effects of medications, and adjustment of regimen for repeaters. Progression consideration of glucoacetyl acetate inhibitors or glucoacetyl acetate. The first line of treatment for primary biliary bile duct infection is deoxycholic acid, which can significantly improve biochemical indicators, delay progression, and secondary medications such as obecholic acid or non-nobetate are added to non-responsive patients.
Currently, there is a lack of specific medications for deoxycholic acid in primary biliary duct infection and complications, and intravenous therapy for dilated bile duct narrowing. End-stage hepatic sclerosis patients can receive liver transplants with good prognosis. Pay attention to medication for liver damage, avoid alcohol and liver toxic drugs; regular check-ups, early detection of complications.
Persistent treatment can stabilize most patients in the long term, delay progress, and improve quality of life. The presence of unknown causes of weakness, jaundice, skin rash, or recurrent hepatic abnormalities should promptly be screened for autoimmune liver disease.
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