医
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Childhood avascular necrosis of femoral head; boys; limp; orthopedics.
小儿外科Infantile pyloric atresia/antral web; nonbilious vomiting; surgery.
小儿外科Larsen syndrome is multiple joint dislocations; flat face; clubfoot; AR/AD.
小儿外科Infantile umbilical hernia is umbilical defect in infant; common; closes spontaneously.
小儿外科CMV infection is congenital/perinatal CMV; mononucleosis; immunocompromised.
小儿外科Pediatric burn is burn in child; greater TBSA impact; scald common; child safety.
小儿外科Childhood encopresis is fecal incontinence in child >4 years; constipation/retention.
小儿外科Neonatal subcutaneous gangrene is neonatal soft tissue necrosis; Staph aureus; premature infants.
小儿外科Congenital thymic hypoplasia (DiGeorge) is 22q11 deletion; T-cell deficiency; hypocalcemia.
小儿外科Pediatric congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung) is aganglionic distal colon; neonatal obstruction.
小儿外科Congenital biliary atresia is progressive extrahepatic bile duct fibrosis; neonatal cholestatic jaundice; acholic stools.
小儿外科Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (omphalocele-macroglossia-gigantism) is neonatal overgrowth; omphalocele/macroglossia/macrosomia/hypoglycemia; tumor risk.
小儿外科Neonatal scleredema (sclerema neonatorum, cold injury syndrome) is mostly cold-induced; also infection-related. Preterm infants 1-2 weeks; cold skin, subcutaneous fat hardening/edema; severe: pulmonary hemorrhage/DIC/renal failure/death. Mortality 20-50%.
小儿外科Radial head subluxation is pulled elbow, in children. Reduction is used.
小儿外科Gastroschisis is abdominal wall defect with eviscerated bowel, usually right of umbilicus. Surgical closure is used.
小儿外科Congenital short colon is a short colon malformation, often with anorectal malformation. Surgical reconstruction is used.
小儿外科Neonatal gastric perforation is perforation of the neonatal stomach, a surgical emergency presenting with sudden abdominal distension and shock. Immediate surgery and resuscitation are needed.
小儿外科Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis is childhood-onset spondyloarthritis; NSAIDs, sulfasalazine/methotrexate, biologics (TNF inhibitors), PT/posture training, screen uveitis/sacroiliitis, follow-up pediatric rheumatology.
小儿外科Choledochal cyst is congenital dilation of bile duct; surgical excision + bilioenteric reconstruction, monitor cholangitis/malignancy.
小儿外科Diagnosis and treatment of surgical diseases in children requiring operative treatment, covering congenital malformations, hernias, hydrocele, phimosis and pediatric trauma.
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