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Entomophthoromycosis features nasal polyps and widespread palpable subcutaneous nodules caused by Conidiobolus coronatus; starts at nasal septum → sinuses/lips/central face; African rainforest (Nigeria).
耳鼻喉科Otomycosis is acute/subacute/chronic fungal infection of auricle/external canal; 15-20% of ear infections. Auricle = dermatophyte (T. rubrum/T. mentagrophytes/M. lanosum); external canal = A. niger/fumigatus (A. niger >90%). Warm humid tropics; unilateral
耳鼻喉科Vincent's angina is ulceromembranous inflammation caused by symbiotic anaerobic fusiform bacilli and spirochetes. Normally present in healthy mouths but pathogenic only when resistance is low (fatigue, malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, GI disease, drug po
耳鼻喉科Rhinoscleroma (scleroma) is a low-infectivity chronic granulomatous inflammation caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis (Frisch bacillus). Lesions start in the nose, spread to the upper respiratory tract forming hard inflammatory masses that cause deformit
耳鼻喉科Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Middle ear TB is mostly secondary to pulmonary TB or spread from nasopharyngeal/cervical node TB. External ear TB is rare; tuberculous tympanomastoiditis is occasionally reported. Onset is insidious with painless otor
耳鼻喉科Caseous rhinitis is the accumulation of foul-smelling caseous material in the nasal cavity or sinuses that erodes tissue and bone over time, causing nasal deformity in severe cases. It was formerly called nasal cholesteatoma, though lacking histological s
耳鼻喉科Laryngeal tuberculosis is the most common ENT tuberculosis, usually spread via the airway from open pulmonary TB; primary cases are rare. It is mostly secondary to severe pulmonary TB or other organ tuberculosis, spread by contact, hematogenous, or lympha
耳鼻喉科Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose and throat, covering rhinitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, adenoid hypertrophy and otolaryngological tumors.
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