医
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Postprandial hypoglycemia (late dumping syndrome) is rapid gastric emptying after gastrectomy; rapid glucose absorption → insulin surge → hypoglycemia.
消化内科Intestinal pneumatosis is subserosal/submucosal gas cysts; small intestine (ileum) most common, then colon. Age 30-50; M:F=3:1. 85% secondary to ulcer/pyloric obstruction/IBD/GI tumor/chronic obstruction.
消化内科SMA embolism is emboli lodging in SMA main/branches causing acute ischemic necrosis. 40-50% acute mesenteric ischemia. Emboli from cardiac mural thrombus (rheumatic/CAD/IE/recent MI); also atherosclerotic plaque/bacterial emboli.
消化内科Enteroviruses include poliovirus/Coxsackie/ECHO/new enterovirus 68-71. Worldwide; systemic; children. Aseptic meningitis/polio-like/myocarditis/pleurodynia/rash/herpangina.
消化内科Intestinal pneumatosis (Duvernoy) is subserosal/submucosal gas cysts resembling polyps; also pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.
消化内科Intestinal dysbacteriosis is imbalance of gut flora; long-term broad-spectrum antibiotics suppress sensitive flora, resistant organisms overgrow. Changes in species/quantity/proportion/location/biology.
消化内科Hepatitis C is HCV systemic infectious disease with liver injury; transmitted by transfusion/hemodialysis/plasmapheresis/renal transplant/IVDU/sexual/mother-to-child. Chiron 1989 cloned HCV cDNA.
消化内科Esophageal achalasia is loss of ganglion cells in myenteric plexus; involves thoracic esophagus; mid/lower most obvious. Absent peristalsis, high LES pressure, impaired relaxation. Dysphagia/regurgitation/substernal discomfort. Rare 1/100,000; age 20-39.
消化内科Barrett esophagus is lower esophageal stratified squamous epithelium replaced by simple columnar epithelium; asymptomatic until esophagitis/ulcer/cancer. Risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (more Western).
消化内科Budd-Chiari syndrome is hepatic vein/IVC (above hepatic vein) obstruction causing hepatic congestion/hepatomegaly/cirrhosis/splenomegaly/ascites/portal HTN. Acute/chronic. Poor prognosis.
消化内科Fulminant hepatic failure is massive hepatocyte necrosis/severe liver injury; <14 days onset; high mortality. Early diagnosis/treatment reduces mortality.
消化内科Barrett syndrome (1950) is lower esophageal squamous epithelium replaced by columnar epithelium; secondary to reflux esophagitis. Heartburn/pain/regurgitation. Long-term PPI; mucosal resection if needed.
消化内科Brenneman syndrome (1921) is mesenteric lymphadenitis after URI; ileocecal region; children <15. Coxsackie B virus.
消化内科Budd-Chiari syndrome is hepatic vein/IVC obstruction causing hepatic outflow obstruction. Budd 1846, Chiari 1889. Abdominal pain/hepatosplenomegaly/ascites/leg edema. Age 20-40.
消化内科Entamoeba histolytica (Schaudinn 1930) colonizes colon; causes amebic dysentery/colitis; can extend to liver/lung/brain/UGS causing ulcers/abscesses.
消化内科Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease. Oncologic care is used.
Familial colon polyposis. GI/genetic care is used.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma) is a clinical syndrome characterized by refractory/atypical peptic ulcer, high acid secretion, and a non-beta islet cell tumor. Cause is unknown; may arise from pancreatic alpha1 cells. Because tumors are often smal
消化内科Leather-bottle stomach (linitis plastica). Oncologic care is used.
Gastric/duodenal tube insertion as cause of abnormal reaction or later complication, without accident at the time. Follow-up care is used.
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