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Gastrointestinal cold (J00.x00x003) is a disease entity listed in the National Clinical Version 2.0 of the Disease Classification and Codes standard issued by the National Health Commission; a detailed pathological introduction is being compiled.
Viral cold is acute upper-respiratory viral infection; rest, hydration, symptomatic analgesics/decongestants; antibiotics not indicated.
呼吸内科Acute nasopharyngitis [common cold] (J00.x00) is a disease entity listed in the National Clinical Version 2.0 of the Disease Classification and Codes standard issued by the National Health Commission; a detailed pathological introduction is being compiled
Cardiac asthma is wheezing/orthopnea from left-heart failure/pulmonary congestion; treat HF, diuretics, oxygen.
呼吸内科PE is thrombus (usually DVT) obstructing pulmonary artery: dyspnea/pleuritic pain/hemoptysis; anticoagulation, thrombolysis for massive, IVC filter.
呼吸内科Obstructive sleep apnea is recurrent upper-airway collapse during sleep: snoring/apnea/daytime sleepiness; treat by CPAP, weight loss, oral appliance.
呼吸内科Respiratory alkalosis is primary hypocapnia from hyperventilation: anxiety/pain, hypoxia, sepsis, pregnancy; paresthesias, tetany, lightheadedness; treat underlying cause, rebreathing for acute hyperventilation.
呼吸内科Respiratory acidosis is CO2 retention from hypoventilation: CNS depression, neuromuscular disease, COPD; headache, confusion, papilledema; treat by improving ventilation.
呼吸内科Pulmonary amyloidosis is amyloid deposition in lung/tracheobronchial tree: nodules, diffuse interstitial disease, or tracheobronchial stenosis; cough/dyspnea/hemoptysis; treat underlying amyloid, local resection/stent.
呼吸内科Pulmonary cystic fibrosis is CFTR mutation causing thick mucus: recurrent infection, bronchiectasis, progressive obstructive lung disease; treat by airway clearance, antibiotics, CFTR modulators.
呼吸内科Radiology term: fibrotic/calcified lung lesions after healed TB. No constitutional symptoms; no TB bacilli in sputum; incidental finding; stable on follow-up; no treatment needed (like a scar).
呼吸内科Pulmonary schistosomiasis: schistosomulae/adults migrate/oviposit in lung; inflammation/abscess/granuloma/pseudotubercle; most common ectopic schistosomiasis. Respiratory symptoms: fever/cough/hemoptysis/chest pain/asthma.
呼吸内科Pulmonary mucormycosis is lung infection by Mucorales; underlying diabetes; high mortality. Amphotericin B + surgical debridement + treat comorbidities/electrolytes/acidosis improves mortality.
呼吸内科Pulmonary cryptococcosis is subacute/chronic visceral mycosis by Cryptococcus neoformans; saprophytic yeast, no hyphae/spores, ubiquitous. Immunocompromise predisposes; inhalation → pulmonary focus; mainly lung/CNS; also bone/skin/mucosa. Healthy often se
呼吸内科Aspergilloma is the commonest non-invasive fungal ball; other fungi (Mucor) rare; Aspergillus most common.
呼吸内科Pulmonary sporotrichosis is chronic pulmonary fungal disease by Sporothrix schenckii; common deep mycosis.
呼吸内科Pulmonary blastomycosis (Gilchrist disease/North American blastomycosis) is chronic granulomatous/pyogenic disease by Blastomyces dermatitidis; any site, mainly skin/lung/bone. Dimorphic soil fungus.
呼吸内科Pulmonary histoplasmosis capsulati is the pulmonary manifestation of Histoplasma capsulatum infection; primary pulmonary, usually asymptomatic/self-limited; severe = disseminated mainly to reticuloendothelial system.
呼吸内科Coccidioidomycosis is pulmonary/systemic fungal disease by Coccidioides immitis; lung = portal and most affected organ. Primary = acute self-limited respiratory; progressive = chronic often fatal systemic.
呼吸内科Pulmonary candidiasis is a common pulmonary mycosis caused by Candida (mainly C. albicans). Usually secondary under reduced host resistance. Three types: bronchial, pneumonic, allergic. Candidiasis = 79% of fungal infections; high in ICU/burns/oncology.
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