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Otitis externa due to other infectious/parasitic disease classified elsewhere. Treating underlying infection is used.
Fungal otitis externa. Antifungals are used.
Otitis externa due to viral disease classified elsewhere. Supportive care is used.
Otitis externa due to bacterial disease classified elsewhere. Antibiotics are used.
Motion sickness is vestibular dysfunction, from motion. Antiemetics/rest are used.
耳鼻喉科Nasal cavity foreign body is object in nose, from insertion. Removal is used.
耳鼻喉科Olfactory disorder is loss/distortion of smell, from infection/head trauma. Treat underlying cause is used.
耳鼻喉科Epistaxis is nasal bleeding, common anterior septal. Pressure and cautery are used.
耳鼻喉科Congenital laryngeal atresia is complete laryngeal occlusion causing airway obstruction at birth, a neonatal emergency requiring immediate airway. Tracheostomy and repair are used.
耳鼻喉科Congenital subglottic stenosis is narrowing below the vocal cords, causing stridor and respiratory distress. Endoscopic dilation or surgery is used.
耳鼻喉科Congenital preauricular fistula is a common vestigial ear pit near the tragus, prone to recurrent infection. Surgical excision when infected is used.
耳鼻喉科Congenital laryngeal stridor (laryngomalacia) is noisy inspiratory breathing from immature laryngeal cartilage, common in infants. It usually improves spontaneously by 1-2 years; severe cases need airway support.
耳鼻喉科Tracheoesophageal fistula is abnormal communication between trachea/esophagus; surgical repair, feeding management, treat aspiration/infection.
耳鼻喉科Pharyngeal spasm is involuntary pharyngeal muscle contraction; evaluate neurogenic cause, reassure, speech/swallow therapy, treat cause.
耳鼻喉科Pharyngeal keratosis is benign hyperkeratotic tonsillar/pharyngeal lesion; reassure, saline, treat infection, excision if symptomatic.
耳鼻喉科Pharyngeal paralysis is palatal/pharyngeal muscle weakness causing dysphagia/aspiration; evaluate neurogenic cause, swallow therapy, feeding support.
耳鼻喉科Parapharyngeal abscess is deep neck-space infection; IV antibiotics, urgent drainage, airway/vascular monitoring.
耳鼻喉科Retropharyngeal abscess is deep neck-space infection in children; IV antibiotics, urgent drainage, airway monitoring.
耳鼻喉科Epiglottic cyst is benign cyst of epiglottis; observe if small, excision if symptomatic/airway obstruction.
耳鼻喉科Laryngeal keratosis is hyperkeratotic vocal-cord lesion; biopsy, treat smoking/reflux, voice therapy, close follow-up for dysplasia.
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