医
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Laryngeal stenosis is narrowing of laryngeal airway; dilation/stent/surgery, treat cause, tracheostomy if severe.
耳鼻喉科Laryngospasm is involuntary vocal-cord closure causing stridor; manage airway, calm, treat cause, magnesium/sedation in severe.
耳鼻喉科Laryngeal edema is laryngeal mucosal swelling causing airway compromise; urgent airway, treat cause (allergy/infection/intubation).
耳鼻喉科Vocal-cord nodules are benign callosities from voice overuse; voice therapy, treat reflux, surgery only if refractory.
耳鼻喉科Vocal-cord polyp is benign unilateral vocal-cord lesion; voice therapy, microlaryngoscopic excision, treat reflux/smoking.
耳鼻喉科Laryngeal polyp is benign vocal-cord lesion from voice overuse/smoking; voice therapy, microlaryngoscopic removal, treat cause.
耳鼻喉科Laryngeal paralysis is vocal-cord immobility from recurrent laryngeal nerve lesion; evaluate cause (thyroid/chest), vocal therapy, Teflon injection if symptomatic.
耳鼻喉科Chronic laryngitis is >3 weeks hoarseness; treat reflux/allergy/voice overuse/smoking, voice therapy, laryngoscopy to rule out malignancy.
耳鼻喉科Tonsillolith is tonsillar crypt stone; saline gargles, manual removal, tonsillectomy if recurrent/symptomatic.
耳鼻喉科Adenoid hypertrophy causes nasal obstruction/snoring/otitis media in children; treat allergy, adenoidectomy if OME/obstructive sleep apnea.
耳鼻喉科Chronic tonsillitis is recurrent/persistent tonsillar infection; treat infection, tonsillectomy if recurrent/asymmetric/mass.
耳鼻喉科Septal perforation is hole in nasal septum; treat cause (trauma/cocaine/Wegener), moisturize, surgical repair in selected.
耳鼻喉科Nasal vestibulitis is infection/inflammation of nasal vestibule; topical mupirocin, treat staph, avoid nose picking.
耳鼻喉科Rhinolith is calcified nasal concretion; remove via nasal endoscopy, treat associated infection.
耳鼻喉科Septal hematoma is blood collection in septal space; urgent drainage, antibiotics, prevent cartilage necrosis/saddle nose.
耳鼻喉科DNS is nasal septal deviation causing obstruction; septoplasty if symptomatic, treat associated rhinitis/sinusitis.
耳鼻喉科Sinus mucocele is mucus-expansive lesion obstructing sinus ostium; surgery to marsupialize/drain, remove obstruction.
耳鼻喉科Septal abscess is collection between septal cartilage/mucoperichondrium; urgent drainage, IV antibiotics, prevent saddle-nose deformity.
耳鼻喉科Septal ulcer is ulceration of nasal septum; treat cause (trauma/cocaine/infection/Wegener), moisturize, avoid irritants.
耳鼻喉科Nasal furuncle is staphylococcal infection of nasal vestibule; topical/systemic antibiotics, warm compresses, do not squeeze.
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