医
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Pelvic floor spasm syndrome (publishing dystonia) is anorectal pain from levator ani spasm; chronic.
普外科Spleno-hepatic syndrome (Banti syndrome) is congestive splenomegaly/portal hypertension/cirrhosis.
普外科Splenic rupture is blunt abdominal trauma; left upper quadrant pain; Kehr sign; hemorrhagic shock.
普外科Elderly acute appendicitis: higher perforation/mortality due to delayed presentation/atypical symptoms.
普外科Colorectal injury from trauma/iatrogenic; blunt abdominal most common; 5th most common abdominal visceral injury after small bowel/spleen/liver/kidney.
肛肠科Colonic atresia incidence 1/1500-20000; <5% of intestinal atresia; similar pathology to small bowel. Types: mucosal/muscular diaphragm; blind ends; fibrous cord.
普外科Colonic diverticulosis is outpouchings of colonic wall; single or multiple; true (congenital all layers) vs acquired (mucosal herniation).
普外科Stercoral perforation (SP) is rare fatal acute abdomen; chronic constipation main cause; elderly; LLQ pain → generalized.
肛肠科Melanosis coli is mucosal pigmentation with lipofuscin-laden macrophages in colonic lamina propria; rare; associated with anthraquinone laxatives.
肛肠科Mobile cecum syndrome: 5% people lack posterior cecal peritoneum; limited mesentery; mobility >6cm = abnormal; volvulus risk.
普外科Ileocecal valve syndrome is nonspecific edema of ileocecal valve; recurrent diarrhea/RLQ pain/weight loss.
普外科Anal/rectal/colonic stricture from congenital anomaly/inflammation/trauma/tumor/surgery; UC/granulomatous colitis/post-colectomy.
肛肠科Eventration/paralysis of diaphragm: intact diaphragm but abnormal elevation; congenital (eventration, muscle fiber hypoplasia) vs acquired (phrenic nerve injury). 1/10000 routine chest X-ray.
普外科Abdominal apoplexy is spontaneous rupture of intra-abdominal vessels causing acute abdomen/shock; also spontaneous massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Unknown; related to HTN/atherosclerosis/vascular anomaly/pregnancy.
普外科Leriche syndrome (aortic bifurcation occlusion syndrome) is chronic aortoiliac occlusion; claudication; erectile dysfunction.
普外科Retroperitoneal hernia is internal hernia; rare. Around duodenum/cecum/sigmoid colon.
普外科Strongyloides stercoralis is facultative parasite with free-living and parasitic generations; complex life cycle; long course. Asymptomatic to severe ulcerative enteritis/death. China infection ~10%.
肛肠科Large bowel obstruction is colorectal content obstruction; mechanical/functional (pseudo-obstruction)/vascular. Middle-aged: tumor/diverticulitis/stricture/fecal impaction/volvulus. Neonates: anorectal anomaly/meconium.
肛肠科Omental torsion is rare; M>F; age 3-75, peak 25-50; obese. Severe abdominal pain; difficult to distinguish from other acute abdomen.
普外科Interloop abscess is pus collection in abdominal cavity walled off by bowel loops/omentum/mesentery; subphrenic/pelvic/interloop. Secondary to acute peritonitis/abdominal surgery.
普外科
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