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Membranous VSD aneurysm is aneurysm of the membranous septum, often spontaneous closure of VSD. Observation or surgical repair is used.
心内科TGA is a cyanotic congenital heart defect where aorta arises from RV and pulmonary artery from LV, presenting with cyanosis at birth. Prostaglandin and arterial switch surgery are used.
心内科Urethritis is inflammation of the urethral mucosa, common in women, clinically acute or chronic, nonspecific or gonococcal; the latter two are similar and distinguished by history and bacteriology. It is usually caused by ascending pathogens. Symptoms: fr
泌尿内科Overactive bladder (OAB) is a syndrome characterized by urgency, often with frequency and nocturia, with or without urge incontinence, clearly affecting daily life. As society ages and diabetes and neurologic disease increase, OAB incidence rises yearly.
泌尿内科Cystitis is a common urinary tract infection, about 50%-70% of UTIs, caused by bacteria, mostly E. coli, usually in women because the female urethra is short and near the anus. Typical symptoms are frequency, urgency, dysuria and even urge incontinence, w
泌尿内科Uremic cardiomyopathy refers to myocardial lesions appearing in renal failure, mostly from chronic renal failure (CRF) and rarely from acute renal failure.
心内科In advanced renal insufficiency uremic pericarditis occurs in 40%-50%, mostly fibrinous with bloody pericardial effusion. It is divided into uremic and dialysis-related types, related to accumulation of toxic metabolites, cardiac insufficiency and hypopro
心内科Leukocytoclastic vasculitis of small vessels; identify trigger (drugs/infection); antihistamines/NSAIDs; glucocorticoids for severe; treat underlying.
心内科Degos disease is characteristic porcelain-white atrophic papules with erythematous rim on trunk/extremities; monitor for GI/CNS involvement (systemic form), antiplatelet/anticoagulant, treat systemic complications, prognosis poor if visceral.
心内科Hypotension is low BP with symptoms; treat cause (volume/sepsis/cardiac/medication), volume support, vasopressors if shock.
心内科Orthostatic hypotension is BP drop on standing; volume repletion, slow positional changes, review meds, fludrocortisone/midodrine.
心内科SVCS is SVC obstruction from malignancy/thrombosis; facial/arm edema, venous distension; treat malignancy, stent/angioplasty, anticoagulation.
心内科Takayasu is granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis (aorta/branches); immunosuppression, revascularization for stenosis.
心内科Arterial embolism is embolic occlusion of an artery causing acute ischemia; emergency revascularization, anticoagulation, source control.
心内科Acute limb ischemia from embolic occlusion; emergency embolectomy/thrombolysis, anticoagulation, identify source.
心内科Ascending-aorta aneurysm is dilatation of ascending aorta; monitor size, surgical repair at threshold, treat HTN/marfan.
心内科Atherosclerosis is lipid-driven plaque in large/medium arteries; primary/secondary prevention, antiplatelet/statin, revascularization.
心内科Arteriosclerosis is arterial wall thickening/loss of elasticity; control BP/lipids/DM, no smoking, antiplatelet/statin.
心内科Carotid stenosis is carotid-artery narrowing from atherosclerosis; antiplatelet/statin, CEA/CAS for symptomatic/severe.
心内科Sequelae of viral myocarditis (I51.904) is a disease entity listed in the National Clinical Version 2.0 of the Disease Classification and Codes standard issued by the National Health Commission; a detailed pathological introduction is being compiled.
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